In this blog we are going to tell you about Difference Between Emf And Potential Difference, so read this blog carefully to get the complete information.
The potential difference between the terminals of a battery when no current is flowing through an outer circuit where the circuit is open is called the Emf (Electromotive Force). The voltage across the terminals of the battery when the current is being brought out from it to an outer is known as the Potential Difference.
Let’s discuss the Electromotive Force (Emf) and Potential Difference (Pd) in detail.
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What Is Electromotive Force?
The source of the power supplied to the unit charge by the cell is the electromotive force(Emf).
It sustains a constant current through the resistance when a source of electrical energy is connected across a resistance R. In the external circuit, the battery produces a positive charge flow.
Consider a charge Δq passed through the circuit in time Δt. This charge passes into the cell at its lower potential (negative terminal) and departs at its positive end ( positive terminal), then the source must do work ΔW on the charge Δq in bringing it to the positive terminal which is at the higher potential.
Hence, the emf of the source is described as” the energy supplied to unit charge by the cell.”
E = Energy/unit charge
or
E = ΔW/Δq
The electromotive force formula is the above relation.
The SI unit of emf is Joule/Coulomb which is equivalent to volt.
What Is The Potential Difference?
The potential difference across the two ends of a conductor induces the extra of electrical energy into various forms of energy as charges flow through the circuit.
When a conductor of end A is connected to the positive terminal and its other end B is connected to the negative terminal of the battery as a result the potential at A becomes elevated than the potential at the B.
This generates a potential difference between the two ends of the conductor. The flow of current passes as long as there is a potential difference. The battery that connects in the copper wire provides the potential difference for the steady flow of current. Through the conductor the current flows from the higher potential to the lower potential, the electrical energy (due to the current) is transformed into other forms (heat and light, etc.).
Differences Between Electromotive Force And Potential Difference
Here are the some points of differences between Emf and Potential Difference:-
- The potential difference is the amount of energy utilized by the one coulomb of charge, whereas the electromotive force is the source of energy that it provides to each coulomb of charge.
- The electromotive force is denoted by the symbol ε whereas the symbol of the potential difference is V.
- The electromotive force does not rely on the interior resistance of the circuit whereas the potential difference is directly proportional to the resistance of the circuit.
- The energy in the whole of the circuit is transmitted by the electromotive force. The potential difference is the measure of energy between any two ends on the circuit.
- The magnitude of the potential difference varies but the magnitude of emf remains consistent always.
- When the current does not flow in the circuit, the emf force exists in the circuit whereas the potential difference does not exist in the circuit.
- The EMF is the ultimate voltage that the battery can produce whereas the magnitude of the potential difference is constantly less than the maximum possible value of emf.
- The potential difference lowers the electrical energy in the circuit whereas emf force highs the electrical energy.
- The electromotive force is generated in the electric, magnetic and gravitational fields, whereas the potential difference is induced only in an electric field.
- The electromotive force is measured by the Emf Meter, whereas the voltmeter is used for estimating the potential difference.
Conclusion
We Hope this blog is sufficient enough to provide the information about Difference Between Emf And Potential Difference. Thanks for reading this blog.